What type of validity does a test have if high school seniors with good grades also tend to have higher GPAs in college?

The correct choice is predictive validity. This type of validity measures how well a test or assessment can forecast future performance or outcomes based on current scores. In the context of the question, the correlation between high school seniors with good grades and their higher GPAs in college illustrates that the test effectively predicts future academic success.

Predictive validity is crucial in educational assessments because it helps identify whether a measure used (like grades or scores) can truly reflect a student's potential to succeed in subsequent educational environments. When a test shows predictive validity, it indicates that the results can be used to anticipate future achievements with a degree of accuracy, supporting the value of the assessment in real-world applications.

The other options relate to different concepts: instructional validity pertains to the relevance of test content to the instructional process; face validity refers to the subjective assessment of whether a test appears to measure what it claims to measure; and concurrent validity assesses how well a new test compares to an established test that measures the same construct at the same time. These distinctions are vital in understanding the specific context in which the correct answer applies.