How do standardized tests differ from curriculum-based assessments?

The distinction between standardized tests and curriculum-based assessments primarily lies in their purposes and methodologies. Standardized tests are designed to measure student performance in relation to a broader population. They are norm-referenced, meaning that the scores of students are compared against the performance of a pre-established group, often to evaluate proficiency on a national level.

In contrast, curriculum-based assessments are designed to measure a student’s performance based on specific learning objectives or curricular goals. These assessments focus directly on what has been taught and are used to guide instruction and monitor student progress within a specific curriculum. The emphasis on measurable outcomes tied to specific educational standards differentiates them from standardized tests, which do not always align closely with the local curriculum.

The other options do not accurately characterize the relationship between standardized tests and curriculum-based assessments. While reliability can vary across both types of assessments, standardized tests are typically designed to be reliable. Not all standardized tests are individualized, and adaptive testing is just one method among many used in standardized assessments. This reinforces the importance of understanding the core differences in purpose and administration between these two types of assessments.